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Union of South American Nations

Page history last edited by PBworks 15 years, 8 months ago

 


 

 

Union of South American Nations

 

 

(União de Nações Sul-Americanas, Spanish: Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, and abbreviated as Unasur and Unasul)

 

 

 

Note: since all the Andean Community countries are also associate members of Mercosur, and have free trade privileges within that, the future seems to be that they will all merge and form the CSN or at least a trade pact amongst themselves. What is the future of Andean Community? (now that Venezuela is out and the Union of South American Comunidad Sudamericana de Naciones (CSN) is being planned). In fact because associate member status within Mercosur comes with the free trade benefits for anything manufactured in any of these countries, in effect there already is a sort of de facto south american trade community - it's just that the Andean nations have their own external tariff rates which differ from the common external tariff full Mercosur countries share.

 

 

 

 

Regional integration and Free Trade

 

Single Market in Latin America?

The idea is to combine the two trading blocs (Mercosur, and the Andean Community) and create one larger trading block (to better negotiate with the US and Europe).   The Comunidad Sudamericana de Naciones (CSN) has been renamed to be called Unasur.    It is a fledgling supranational and intergovernmental union that will unite two existing free-trade organizations –  and Mercosur the Andean Community - as part of a continuing process of South American integration. It is modelled on the European Union.  One of the initiatives of Unisur the creation of a single market, beginning with the elimination of tariffs for non-sensitive products by 2014 and sensitive products by 2019.

 

 

Infrastructure projects across the region

Unasur/Unasul started plans of integration through infrastructure cooperation with the construction of the Interoceanic Highway, a road that intends to more firmly link the Pacific Coast countries, especially Chile and Peru with Brazil and Argentina by extending highways through the continent, allowing better connections to ports to Bolivia and the inner parts of Argentina, Peru and Brazil. The first corridor, between Peru and Brazil, began construction in September 2005, financed 60% by Brazil and 40% by Peru, is expected to be ready by the end of 2009.

 

 

Regional Energy pacts?

The South American Energy Ring (Anillo Energético Sudamericano/Anel Energético Sul-Americano) is supposed to interconnect Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay with natural gas from several sources, such as the Camisea Gas Project in Peru and Tarija Gas Deposits in Bolivia. Though this proposal has been signed and ratified, economic and political difficulties in Argentina and Bolivia have delayed this initiative, and to this date, this agreement remains more like a protocol than an actual project, since Chile and Brazil are already building LNG terminals to import gas from overseas suppliers.

 

Free movement of people?

Visits by South American citizens to any South American country (except French Guyana) of up to 90 days require only the presentation of an Identity Card issued by the respective authority of the travellers' country of origin. On 24 November 2006, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela waived visa requirements for tourism travel between nationals of said countries.

 

 

Monetary policy unity?

see discussion on Banco del Sur.  Presidents of the 7 founding countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Venezuela and Uruguay) officially launched the South American Bank in Buenos Aires in December 2007.  The capital will be US$ 7 Billion, which Venezuela will be responsible for US$ 3B and Brazil US$ 2B. The headquarters will be located in Caracas with offices in Buenos Aires and La Paz.  The "Banco do Sul" will finance economic development projects to improve local competitiveness and to promote the scientific and technologic development of the member countries. Chile and Colombia participated on initial meeting, but they decided not to join the project.    The founding chart affirms that the Bank will promote projects in "stable and equal" manner and priorities will be to reinforce South America integration, to reduce asymmetries, and to promote equalitarian distribution of investments.  The Brazilian Minister Guido Mantega informed that the bank is not similar to the International Monetary Fund; it will be a credit institution similar to the World Bank or the BIRD.

 

 

 

 

 

 

See Also

 

our kookyplan page on regional trading blocks

 

 

North America

 

Latin America

  • Mercosur
  • Andean Community:   Venezuela joined the Andean pact in 1973, with the promise of reducing trade and investment barriers for regional partners, but increasing barriers for outside countries, and effectively isolating the group from the rest of the world.   This fit in nicely with the theory of "dependency", and the desire to be independent from outside influence.   The Andean Pact included Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.    (But, Venezuela dropped out in retaliation when Peru signed a free trade agreement with the USA)
  • Union of South American Nations (União de Nações Sul-Americanas, Spanish: Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, and abbreviated as Unasur and Unasul)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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